It has been reported that sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 8 based on the UVB spectrum can decrease vitamin D synthetic capacity by 95 percent, whereas sunscreen with an SPF of 15 can reduce synthetic capacity by 98 percent.

Since sunscreen absorbs ultraviolet light and prevents it from reaching the skin, it will prevent tanning. The reaction of keratin protein present in skin and DHA is responsible for the production of pigmentation.

DHA concentration is adjusted to provide darker and lighter shades of tan. The chemical compound dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is used in sunless tanning products in concentrations of 3%-5%. The convenience and effective results continue to boost demand and interest in products. Global self-tanning product market size is projected to increase by 5.9% from 2019 to 2025. The popularity of sunless tanning has risen since the 1960s after health authorities confirmed links between UV exposure (from sunlight or tanning beds) and the incidence of skin cancer. Skin-applied products may be skin-reactive agents or temporary bronzers (colorants). Sunless tanning involves the use of oral agents (carotenids), or creams, lotions or sprays applied to the skin. Sunless tanning, also known as UV filled tanning, self tanning, spray tanning (when applied topically), or fake tanning, refers to the effect of a suntan without exposure to the Sun.

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